Germany recently unveiled its first National Security Strategy in a marked shift from its traditionally restrained international stance. Chancellor Olaf Scholz hailed the strategy as a “major change” which ambitiously integrates military planning with various security issues, ranging from climate change to alliances. The German National Security Strategy is a signifier of the country’s stance towards a more proactive, all-encompassing approach to security.

While the strategy pointedly addresses traditional security threats like Russia following its invasion of Ukraine, it also prominently highlights non-traditional security threats. Climate change, pandemics, and economic crises are considered alongside military threats, underscoring the need for a more comprehensive approach to national security. It also acknowledges the significant role of cybersecurity and disinformation as tools of modern warfare.

This strategy also reflects a turning point in Germany’s international relations. It calls for a more active role in global alliances, shifting from Germany’s traditionally cautious stance on foreign engagements to one of increased international responsibility.

Germany’s enrollment in the “Copenhagen School”

Germany’s comprehensive strategy contrasts the approaches of several other Western nations, who often segregate domestic and foreign policy issues. For instance, the United States National Security Strategy emphasizes military and economic power and external threats, with lesser attention to domestic issues such as climate change or public health.