The Kremlin is nurturing division throughout the region and threatening the delicate stability that has prevailed since the bloody break-up of Yugoslavia.

While Russia is distracted by the Ukraine war, Kazakhstan is quietly carving out some independent room for geopolitical maneuver.

The proliferation of Turkish drones amongst Russian adversaries from Libya to Ukraine presents Moscow with a strategic challenge in its near abroad.

Following an oil dispute at the start of the year, Belarus and Russia’s relations are at an all-time low, potentially further isolating Russia in Europe.

Turkey’s expanding role in the Libyan Civil War presents a security threat to Sisi’s Egypt, one that is unlikely to go unchallenged.